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Elections: Results and Voting systems
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Links to websites and articles on a variety of voting systems and suggested election reforms.
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PR-Squared
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A new electoral system which boasts the advantages of first-past-the-post, but retains the "fairness" of proportional representation.
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Election Methods Website
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Site advocating Condorcet/pairwise voting methods. Includes detailed explanations of Condorcet methods.
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Center for Voting and Democracy
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Organization that researches how voting systems affect participation, representation and governance. Advocates proportional representation systems for legislative elections, instant runoff voting for executive and judicial elections and public interest redistricting.
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Approval Voting
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A voting procedure in which voters can vote for, or approve of, as many candidates as they wish. Each candidate approved of receives one vote, and the candidate with the most votes wins.
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The Chronicle of Higher Education: When Votes Don't Add Up
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Article describing relative merits of Approval, Instant Runoff, and Borda methods
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Politicians and Polytopes mailing list
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Preferential voting, and the mathematics of methods derived from or compliant with, principles of STV & FPTP.
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Making Multicandidate Elections More Democratic
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Out of print book by Samuel Merrill which explains voting systems.
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Caltech-MIT Voting Technology Project
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Project set up to evaluate the current state and reliability of U.S. voting systems, and to propose specific uniform requirements and guidelines for U.S. voting systems. Formed in December 2000 in response to the 2000 U.S. Presidential Election.
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Making Sense out of Consensus
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SIAM News article about Borda, Condorcet, and Approval voting which uses the Jesse Ventura victory in Minnesota as primary example.
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Whyfiles.org -- "Voting for better voting"
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Alternative voting systems could reduce chances for another election-day disaster
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How Democracy Works
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Explanation two-party politics against left-right spectrum. Asserts that in perfect elections, candidates will appear equally imperfect, elections' voter turnout will often be low, and all elections will end in near ties.
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Declared-Strategy Voting
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Group decision-making procedure in which preference is specified using voting strategies in a given scenario (for instance, a first-past-the-post election)
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Accurate Democracy
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Site explaining Condorcet's method and proportional representation, and their use in public elections and meetings. Free software included.
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Condorcet.org
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Information on voting methods, centering around the "Ranked Pairs" single-winner election method. This site has an explanation of the method, along with a comprehensive comparison of methods, and software for pairwise voting tabulation.
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International Foundation for Election Systems (IFES)
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A private, nonprofit organization established in 1987 to support electoral and other democratic institutions in emerging, evolving, and experienced democracies.
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Election Selection: Science News Online
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Article criticizing plurality, and discussing borda voting, instant runoff voting, and approval voting as alternatives.
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Citizens for Approval Voting
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A nonprofit political organization advocating the Approval Voting system of elections.
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Approval Voting
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Advocacy page for Approval Voting. Includes many theoretical examples which illustrate improvement over plurality voting.
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Electorama
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Home of the Election-methods mailing list. Discussion of single-winner election reform, the relative merits of different proportional representation systems, and the technical underpinnings of all election methods.
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The De Borda Institute
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A Northern Ireland-based not-for-profit organisation which aims to promote the use of Borda voting and related voting procedures on all contentious questions of social choice.
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Voting System Simulations
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Millions of simulated elections, statistics gathered, utilitarian bests found. Advocates Acceptance/Approval, Borda, Condorcet, Rated, variations, while considering IRV harmful
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Elections, Electoral Methods and Electoral Law
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Describes the voting system for German Federal elections, with discussion, statistics, and links related to unusual characteristics such as with overhang seats and negative weighting of votes.
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Administration and Cost of Elections (ACE) Electronic Publication
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Contains comprehensive information on all aspects of organising elections. Includes detailed information on voting systems, particularly pointing out the current distribution of voting systems in national elections throughout the world
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May the Best Man Lose
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Discover magazine critical of winner-take-all and plurality systems, favoring proposals by Donald Saari and Steven Brams.
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New York Times Opinion: Making Votes Count
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Archive of editorials on issues in the mechanics of US democracy, including the reliability of electronic voting machines, obstacles to voter registration, the Electoral College, and other topics.
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Elections - or, cheering for the State
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Site which advocates Anarcho-Capitalism (anarchy combined with free market capitalism) with pointers to editorials.
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The Immigrant Voting Project
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Promotes discussion of immigrant voting rights (also known as resident voting, alien suffrage, and non-citizen voting) as a sensible policy to strengthen democracy by encouraging citizenship, community building, and government accountability.
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Condorcet's Method
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A pairwise election system where ranked ballots are used to simulate many head-to-head elections, where the winner is the candidate who wins all pairings.
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Wikipedia: Voting System Definition
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Comprehensive description of various voting systems. Site uses an open Wiki, which allows anyone to make additions or corrections.
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